NEXT GENERATION IDENTIFICATION

 Next Generation Identification

Driven by advances in technology, customer requirements, and growing demand for Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS) services, the FBI has initiated the Next Generation Identification (NGI) program. This program will further advance the FBI’s biometric identification services, providing an incremental replacement of current IAFIS technical capabilities, while introducing new functionality. NGI improvements and new capabilities will be introduced across a multi-year timeframe within a phased approach. The NGI system will offer state-of-the-art biometric identification services and provide a flexible framework of core capabilities that will serve as a platform for multimodal functionality. A full and open competition was used to award the NGI contract to Lockheed Martin Transportation and Security Solutions. This multi-million dollar contract will consist of a base year and the potential for up to nine option years.

NGI will be the cornerstone that enables CJIS to meet its growing and evolving mission and continue to build its reputation as a global biometrics leader.

NGI Program Mission and Goals:

The NGI Program Office mission is to reduce terrorist and criminal activities by improving and expanding biometric identification and criminal history information services through research, evaluation, and implementation of advanced technology within the IAFIS environment.

Its goals are as follows:

Public Safety and National Security

Biometric Leadership

Efficiency Improvements

Privacy and Data Protection

Smooth Transition

NGI is a collaborative effort among the Bureau, the CJIS Advisory Policy Board and members of the Compact Council, comprised of local, state, federal, and international representatives.

Drivers and Requirements:

Flexibility

Capacity

Accuracy

Response Times

Additional Functionality

Interoperability

Availability

NGI Capabilities:

1. Quality Check Automation
   The Quality Check function of IAFIS is one of the first steps in IAFIS ten-print processing in which textual information is reviewed. At one point in time 98% of all transactions required a manual review. As of July 1, 2007, Auto QC was implemented. The QC Automation capability has eliminated the manual review of the majority of fingerprint transactions. Approximately 15% still require a manual review. This automation has provided our customers with faster response times and more consistent processing decisions. Just to give you an idea of how QC affects response times, the average processing time with QC automation is approximately .7 seconds, as opposed to a manual QC processing time of 16.1 seconds.
2. Interstate Photo System Enhancements
   
   

   Closeup photo of an arm tatooCurrently, the IAFIS can accept photographs (mugshots) with criminal ten-print submissions. The Interstate Photo System (IPS) will allow customers to add photographs to previously submitted arrest data, submit photos with civil submissions, and submit photos in bulk formats. The IPS will also allow for easier retrieval of photos, and include the ability to accept and search for photographs of scars, marks, and tattoos. In addition, this initiative will also explore the capability of facial recognition technology.

3. Disposition Reporting Improvements
   The NGI Program will provide a variety of options to increase the submission of disposition data. These options will include the electronic submission of disposition data via the Interstate Identification Index, the CJIS Wide Area Network, CD-ROM and other standard media, and potentially through a direct connection to federal courts. A portion of this modernization began on September 2, 2007.
4. Advanced Fingerprint Identification Technology
   
   

   Advanced Fingerprint Identification Technology will provide faster, more efficient IAFIS identification processing, increased search accuracy, improved latent processing services, and allow for seamless searches of ten-flat fingerprint impressions for noncriminal justice purposes. (See below tables for IAFIS and NGI response times.)

   The Repository for Individuals of Special Concern (RISC) provides law enforcement and partnering agencies with rapid/mobile identification services to quickly assess the level of threat that an encountered individual poses. Using a minimum of two or a maximum of ten fingerprint images-flat or rolled-RISC currently conducts an automated search against a limited population of approximately 2 million records. Currently the records include:

   Electronic Ten-Print Response Times – IAFIS
   	Criminal	Civil
   Response Time	2 hours	24 hours
   Completion Rate	97.6%	98.8%

   Electronic Ten-Print Response Times – NGI
   	Criminal	Civil
   High	10 minutes	15 minutes
   Routine	30 minutes	2 hours
   Low	24 hours	24 hours
   Non-Urgent	15 days	15 days

   – Wanted Persons
   – Sex Offender Registry Subjects
   – Known or Suspected Terrorists

   Current RISC responses include the Red/Yellow/Green flag, the category of hit, the FBI number, the master name and the response caveats. The RISC Rapid Search supports multi-tiered enrollment and dissemination policies and maintains unique identities for the individuals enrolled in the repository. (See diagram below.)

5. Enhanced IAFIS Repository
   
   

   Redesign of the IAFIS criminal and civil history repository will improve the overall effectiveness of the IAFIS, develop new and streamline existing internal user processes, and provide new search and response services to the FBI’s customers. The Enhanced IAFIS Repository will offer a new “Rap Back” service allowing authorized agencies to receive notification of subsequent criminal activity reported to the IAFIS on individuals holding positions of trust. Additionally, modifications will be made to incorporate multimodal biometric identification capabilities for future needs.

   Iris Repository: This repository will provide the submission of Iris data, provide retrieval capability, provide Iris search capability, and provide Iris maintenance capability.

6. FBI National Palm Print System
   
   

   The NGI Program will include the capability for the IAFIS to accept, store, and search palm print submissions from local, state, and federal law enforcement and criminal justice agencies. The National Palm Print System will provide a centralized repository for palm print data that can be accessed nationwide, providing our customers with an additional tool to solve crimes.

Multimodal Biometrics

The future of identification systems is currently progressing beyond the dependency of a unimodal (e.g., fingerprint) biometric identifier towards multimodal biometrics (i.e., voice, iris, facial, etc.). The NGI Program will advance the integration strategies and indexing of additional biometric data that will provide the framework for a future multimodal system that will facilitate biometric fusion identification techniques. The framework will be expandable, scalable, and flexible to accommodate new technologies and biometric standards, and will be interoperable with existing systems. Once developed and implemented, the NGI initiatives and multimodal functionality will promote a high level of information sharing, support interoperability, and provide a foundation for using multiple biometrics for positive identification.

Stakeholder Concept

After the six NGI capabilities were identified, the FBI wanted to ensure the IAFIS user community was canvassed to provide additional input. A study contractor, IntelliDyne, worked with the FBI to validate current stakeholder requirements, and to identify any additional requirements. 193 agencies representing over 1,000 individuals were contacted. These groups included State Identification Bureaus, State Crime Labs, Federal Agencies, Authorized Non-Criminal Justice Agencies, and some Special Interest Groups (NIST, SEARCH). As a result of this canvass, two new areas of high interest were discovered: multimodal framework within IAFIS and additional latent functionality.

NGI Privacy Considerations

Privacy considerations have been built into NGI. NGI developed a privacy threshold analysis in June 2006. A Privacy Impact Assessment for the Interstate Photo System has been completed to assess NGI compliance with the Privacy Act. The System of Records Notice is being updated to reflect NGI capabilities. NGI also has continued involvement with the CJIS Advisory Policy Board and the Compact Council.

Fonte: 

http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/fingerprints_biometrics/ngi